Retina is the part of the eye that receives visual stimuli (light) and sends them to the brain through the optic nerve. It is located in the inner part of the eye. Light is registered by photoreceptors (rods and cones) located in the retina. When entering the eye, light needs to pass through several optically transparent media before it reaches the retina. The part of the retina with the highest concentration of photoreceptors responsible for the clearest vision is called the macula. Diseases of the macula and retina lead to loss of central visual acuity as well as to a decrease in other visual functions, and the most severe diseases of the macula and retina can also lead to blindness.
Elevated blood pressure and diabetes can cause retinal and macular diseases (hypertensive retinopathy, diabetic retinopathy, and maculopathy). Elevated blood pressure and elevated lipid levels present a risk of eye infarction (central retinal vein or artery occlusion). Age-related macular degeneration (dry and wet) is one of the leading causes of impaired vision and blindness in the world. Retinal detachment (ablation) can lead to complete blindness if not operated on in time. Peripheral degenerative changes in middle myopia (diopters from -2.00 to -6.00) pose a risk of retinal detachment. These conditions can be treated and identified by monitoring and regular eye examinations, and thus it is possible to reduce the risk of a significant decline in visual functions or their complete loss.
In our Polyclinic we deal with the diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of these conditions.
